Department of Genetics
Faculty of Biology
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For the first time "fixation" of yield heterosis in homozygous DH barley lines
For the first time "fixation" of yield heterosis in homozygous DH barley lines and elucidation of genetic mechanism of heterosis in barley mutant crosses. On the base of this finding we elaborate a strategy enabling exploitation of induced genetic diversity for developing high yielding lines (MDHH strategy) and developing population that can be a start point to isolation of genes responsible for yield.
Application of mutagenesis to broadening genetic diversity of Avena strigosa
Avena strigosa shows a very narrow genetic diversity both on morphological and molecular level
(fig. 10). Therefore for the first time we applied mutagenesis for induction of genetic diversity in this species (fig. 11, 12)
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Estimation of the level of genetic similarity between 2 botanical taxa - Lolium perenne and Lolium multiflorum
Based on different molecular markers we proved that there are no differences between Lolium perenne and L. multiflorum and they can not be regarded as two species. The genetic similarity (0.96), the same alleles in almost all loci (fig. 13, 14) and high intercrossability of both species proved that L. perenne and L. multiflorum behave as populations of one species
Genetic analysis of Bryophyta
With help of molecular and immunological markers we proved and estimated cross-pollination in two species, Pellia epiphylla and P. borealis. The artificial poliploidisation enabled to elucidate the origin of diploid liverwort - P. borealis. However, the most important achievement is discovery of sibling species in liverworts - in P. endiviifolia - typical and water forms, in P. epiphylla - S and N forms.
Genetic diversity of barley mutants
In barley we proved that one mutant can carry a lot of mutations. For example 31% of morphological barley mutants derived from the same cultivar carried the isozymic changes and 15% of them showed mutations in more than 1 enzymatic locus. Reasonable DNA variability in mutants was observed on molecular level (fig. 15) and percentage of different bands can reach 35%.
Evaluation of the level of somaclonal and gametoclonal variation in vitro cultures
Based on molecular markers we estimate the level of somaclonal variation in A. thaliana derived from in vitro culture of leaves. The level of variation depended on the in vitro system, time of induction and regeneration and the kind of media. The frequency of variants was 12-28%. On opposite, there was no gametoclonal variation on molecular level in anther culture of barley.
Practical achievements includes:
- Detection of hybrid origin of L. perenne cultivars from Breeding Station in Marchwacz,
- Elaboration of methodology of mutant selection in barley based on chlorophyll mutations in M2,
- Elaboration of effective method of anther culture in barley (co-author),
- Exploitation of variation induced by mutagenesis for developing high yielding lines and elaboration of MDHH strategy,
- Optimisation of mutagenic treatment of pea (ordered by Poznań Breeders Ltd),
- Estimation of genetic diversity of Poa pratensis breeding lines from Bartążek Breeding Station,
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